Male infertility is a global health issue affecting over 20 million males. A spermatogenesis-related cell differentiation abnormality causes teratozoospermia (TZS). Extensive research has linked TZS to poor fertilization outcomes at assisted reproductive technology (ART) centers as well as to spontaneous pregnancies. This study used Glycyrrhiza glabra (Gg) and Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) media to establish a culture medium that aimed to improve certain sperm functions of teratozoospermic men in vitro. A total of fifty semen samples were examined. The World Health Organization 2021 and 1999 standards were used to evaluate certain sperm parameters and the DNA fragmentation index. Platelet-rich plasma and Gg extract were utilized as a medium for in vitro preparation and activation of semen samples complaining of teratozoospermia factor. Following activation by the utilization of the density gradient approach and the combination of Gg and PRP medium, there was a statistically significant ( p <0.001) improvement in certain sperm function metrics. These improvements included a higher percentage of morphologically normal sperm, a rise in active motility, and a drop in the DNA fragmentation index. The density gradient technique, regardless of the medium used in this investigation, resulted in a significant enhancement of morphologically normal sperms with other certain sperm parameters and a decrease in the DNA fragmentation index.
In about 40% of infertile couples, the husband was found to be either the single or a contributing cause of infertility and the systemic management ready for those couples with male infertility are restricted. 135 couples with infertility shared herein; the husbands required in vitro activation for their sperm samples, their wives however; had no fertility problem and were submitted ovarian induction protocol. However; Sperm preparation was done using both, the centrifugation indirect swim-up technique with Global medium and density gradient with ALLGrad solution. While ALLGrad 45% is a ready-to-be-used upper layer. There was an acceleration in seminal parameters after preparation using both various techniques. So, a highly significant increment (P≤0.001) in the percentages of progressive forward motility was in grades (A and B) and grade (A) progressive sperm motility, also a significant enhancement (P≤0.05) in percentage of morphologically normal sperms when applying density gradient mechanism in relation to centrifugation swim-up technique. This study concludes that the use of density gradient mechanism with ALLGrad solution and Global culture medium are more efficient in achieving better percentages of progressive forward motility grades (A and B), grade (A) progressive motility and morphologically normal values of spermatozoa than centrifugation indirect swim-up technique by using Global culture medium. However, it was found there was a non-significant difference when we use both techniques concerning other sperm parameters.