Background: Obesity has been defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health while the Body mass index (BMI) is a simple index of the weight-to-height ratio that is commonly used in classifying overweight and obesity in adult populations. Many semen parameters alteration can be ascribed to obesity like decreased sperm concentration, abnormal morphology, compromised chromatin integrity and abnormal motility. Many evidences showed an adverse effect of excess body fat on spermatogenesis. Methods: A total sample size composed of (70)infertile men were grouped into three groups according to published BMI ranges as follows: normal weight, overweight and obese.A single semen sample was collected for each infertile men.Heightin (m) and weight in (kg) were recorded on day of semen collection.BMI was calculated as BMI= Kg\m2. Sperm parameters evaluated according to World Health Organization guidelines.Quantitation of the IL-6 in seminal plasma were accomplished using commercially available ELISA kit. Results: In the current study, a positive correlation was found between body mass index and IL-6, on the contrary, a significant negative correlation was found among IL-6 level and progressive sperm motility and sperm concentration as well. Conclusion: There is an increase of IL-6 from the adipose tissue with increasing BMI. The IL-6 cause reduction of the sperm motility by increasing the level of ROS. The obesity reduces the spermatogenesis by androgenic deficiency results in low sperm concentration and motilitywhich it may be the main reason of their infertility.
Mitochondria play a significant key in sperm metabolism as well as power generation. The mitochondria nucleolus is essential for several sperm activities. such as sperm capping, hyperactivation, and acrosome reactions, and oocyte fusion, mitochondrial membrane potential can be used to study sperm mitochondrial activity, the mitochondrial integrity of sperm is evaluated by examination of mitochondrial membrane potential MMP, which may be achieved by using fluorescent dyes like JC-1 probe is composed of 5,5,6,6-tetrachloro-1,1,3,3-tcarbocyanine iodide. To study the correlation between mitochondrial membrane potential Red MMP and sperm motility . This study included 42 male samples who were separated into two groups. (21 normozoospermic, 21 asthenozoospermia) through the period of attendance at the infertility clinic at High Institute for Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies, Al-Nahrain University, and Um Al-Banin Center for Management and in vitro fertilization the collected semen was obtained and seminal fluid analysis was assisted according to (WHO,2021). fluorescent staining of the sample prepared is done by using an MMP Assay Kit (with JC-1) was performed. A positive significant correlation between sperm motility percentage and red MMP intensity (p < 0.001). Mitochondrial activity plays an essential function in sperm motility and male fertility Male infertility, Sperm Motility, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential, MMP Assay Kit (with JC-1).