Background: The intra uterine insemination (IUI) still an easy, simple and effective method to overcome the infertility that resulted from different causes. Although the equipments and methods of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) were highly developed, the percentage of successful IUI live-birth not exceed 20-30%. Objective: The present study was aimed to elucidated the cut off values of in vitro sperm preparation technique, follicular number and size, endometrial thickness and hormonal profile that lead to successful pregnancy rate (PR)following IUI. Materials and Methods: In retrospective study, one hundred cases of infertile couples were in who were became pregnant following IUI at the Institute of Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies, through the period from January 2007 to January 2010. Depending on the results of retrospective study, IUI was achieved for 100 infertile patients between August 2010and June 2011. The mean of significant prognostic variables were measured in both studies namely: age, type of infertility, type of sperm activation techniques, the protocol of ovulation induction medicine, the mean of hormonal status of Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Estradiol(E2), and number with diameter of follicles, endometrial thickness a cycle day before hCG injection. Results: The protocol of ovulation induction in IUI cycles by using clomiphene citrate(CC) and recombinant gonadotropin (rFSH) was significantly(p<0.05) improve the IUI results compared to CC alone or CC with PergonalS. The mean values obtained by ultrasonography namely; two follicles, and dominant follicle of 19.5mm in size with endometrium thickness of >9.5mm were gave significantly successful IUI outcome compared to other values. In prospective study similar results were obtained, therefore the overall pregnancy rate was 37% per cycle. Conclusion: The calculated data of successful IUI outcome from retrospective study gave a best pregnancy rate in prospective study which was 37%. Consequently, these results can be considered as guideline for physician who interest in assisted reproduction to have a success in IUI.
During the process of embryo development, endometrial receptivity is very important for the successful implantation of blastocysts. This research investigated the influence of endometrial thickness on the day of oocyte retrieval and fresh embryo transfer on pregnancy outcomes in Iraqi women who are undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Women from Iraq are taking part in this investigation. Participating in in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles with the use of ICSI was a group of 44 women who were diagnosed with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and had unexplained infertility. During the phases of oocyte retrieval and embryo transfer, there were significant differences seen between the two groups (p-values of 0.003 and 0.049), respectively. There was a total of 44 individuals, and 31 of them had negative pregnancy test results. The remaining 13 persons had positive findings. These results illustrate the importance of endometrial thickness in influencing the effectiveness of assisted reproductive technologies in achieving pregnancies.
Failure to conceive may be deeply upsetting and stressful, eventually leading to social, physical, and psychological implications. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of dual trigger on endometrial receptivity and the role of uterine biophysical profile in estimating the conception rate in women with primary or secondary infertility. A comparative prospective randomized clinical study was conducted at the High Institute for Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies/ Al-Nahrain University, from October 2019 to April 2020. 90 infertile women who were attending the infertility diagnosis clinic of the institute was included in the study, receiving stimulated intrauterine insemination. Vaginal ultrasound was done for all women at the early and mid-follicular phase. The uterine scoring system for reproduction was assessed and total score of 20 was calculated and subsequently correlated to conception rate. A uterine scoring system for reproduction cut-off of 16 showed a sensitivity of 86.4% and a specificity of 75%. Patients with total score of 18, pulsatility index of lower than 1.79, and three or more endometrial contractions had the highest prevalence of successful pregnancy. Individual variables of endometrium (thickness, pattern, blood flow in zone 3, and myometrium features) had no statistical significance Applebaum's uterine score system for reproduction is a simple and non-invasive ultrasonic assessment. Low pulsatility index, endometrial contraction ≥3, and total score of 18 can point to the appropriate endometrial environment for implantation as well as the rate of conception.