Background: Over 70 million couples suffer from infertility worldwide and the majority of those couples can be found in developing countries. Aims of study: This study aims to determine if there is any significant difference in levels of inhibin B and gonadal hormones in fertile and infertile men. Subjects, Materials & Methods: Clinical and hormonal characteristics related to male infertility factor of the infertile patients(n=75)and representative proven fathers as a control(normozoospermic ones)(n=25)were studied. All males attending infertility clinic at Baquba General Hospital, Diyala in Iraq. The study included the measurement of gonadal hormones levels by using (ELISA)method and it was also used in analyzing the inhibin B hormone. The VIDAS instruments were used for enzyme immunoassay measurements Luteininzing Hormone(LH),Testosterone(T) ;and Follicle Stimulating Hormone(FSH). The samples were analyzed and classified according to WHO criteria. Results: The results of this study showed that inhibin B hormone and other gonadal hormones in control (representative proven fathers-normozoospermic ones)as inhibin B (240.2±17.4)Pg/ml, LH (1.639±0.103)mIU/ml, Testosterone (0.6253±0.035)ng/ml and FSH (0.469±0.0103)mIU/ml. In asthenozoospermic ones as an example of infertile patients the results showed that inhibin B (76.9±8.99)Pg/ml, LH(1.4311±0.033)mIU/ml, T (0.5483±0.030)ng/ml and FSH (0.495±0.0124)mIU/ml. Except the inhibin B comparisons all of other non significant evaluated parameters & correlations within this study could be ascribed to the role of cascaded role of inhibin B with the gonadal hormones in spermatogenesis. Conclusions: It concluded from this study that decreased levels of inhibin B, LH,Testosterone, but increased levels of FSH hormones were shown in asthenozoospermia group as an example of infertile patients,and increased levels of inhibin B,LH and Testosterone but decreased levels of FSH were shown in normozoospermia as control.
Background: The evaluation of ovarian reserve has been, and still, the focus of substantial clinical research. The assessment of ovarian reserve is valuable for determining stimulation protocols, and because of limited predictive value of age alone, or other passive hormonal analysis in estimating response to the exogenous stimulation, Dynamic research was done on serum inhibin B. Objective: Measurement of serum inhibin B as a predictive evaluation of early ovarian response following ovulation induction program in intrauterine insemination(IUI). Materials and Methods: Thirty couples were involved in IUI program. They divided into two groups: group (1) 15 women were treated by Gonadotropin(Gn) recombinant follicle -stimulating hormone (rFSH). While group (2), 15 women were treated by Clomiphene citrate (CC). Treatment started at day 3 of the menstrual cycle. Serial hormonal profile tests namely; Inhibin B, Estradiol (E2), Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH) were done at days 3, 7 of the menstrual cycle and the day of human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (hCG) injection with recurrent ultrasonography (US) to confirm the number and development of the follicles. Results: There was a significant difference in the level of inhibin B (P< 0.05) between day 3 and 7 of the cycle with the mean of the follicle number 1.67±0.18 in group(1), while in group (2) there was a non significant difference (P>0.05) in the level of inhibin B between day 3 and 7 of the cycle with the mean of the follicle number 2.14±0.17. Percentage of pregnancy rate in IUI in this study was 19.23%. Percentage of pregnancy rate in group (1) was 25%,while in group (2) was 14.28%,but there is a significant difference (P<0.05) in the pregnancy rate between the two groups. Conclusion: It was concluded that serum inhibin B obtained at day 7(day 5 of (Gn) therapy) offers an early and accurate prediction of ovarian response to (Gn) stimulation while there was no significant change in the level of inhibin B between day 3 and 7 of the cycle in patients treated by CC.
Granulosa cells produce most ovarian function indicators in infertile women like estradiol, AMH, and inhibin B. Female peptide hormone insulin-like factor 3 is produced by theca cell. Signaling of insulin-like factor 3 from theca cell stimulates antral follicle development and theca androgen production. To investigate how INSL3 levels may be a theca cell marker of ovarian reserve and the association with current markers of ovarian reserve, including AFC, FSH, E2, and AMH, in infertile women undertaking assisted reproduction. In this cross-sectional study, 75 Iraqi infertile couples were chosen at Al-Nahrain University's High Institute for Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies from October 2022 to April 2023 for the ICSI cycle. Based on the levels of INSL3 in the serum on the day 2 of the menstrual cycle and on the day of retrieving oocyte in the follicular fluid. A comparison was made with current ovarian reserve markers (AFC, FSH, E2, and AMH) .From 75 infertile women undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), 21 of them achieved pregnancy. Positive Significant relations were found between serum INSL3 levels and anti-mullerian hormone (AMH and antral follicle count. there were no significant relationships between follicular fluids INSL3 with serum LH, FSH and E2 . The study provides compelling evidence for the significant role of INSL3 in female fertility and its association with the success of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Positive correlations between serum INSL3 levels and anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) and Antral follicle count AFC indicate its potential involvement in ovarian reserve and hormonal regulation.