Cover
Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)

Published: December 31, 2024

Pages: 70-84

Research Article

Relationship of Beta-hCG in Follicular Fluid with The Oocyte Quality and Pregnancy Rate in ICSI Cycle

Jinan F. Abdullah 1 Lubna A. Al-Anbari 2 Faten N. Mohammed
1Umm Al-Baneen Center for Infertility Treatment, AL-Imamein AL-Kadhimaein Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq.
2High Institute of Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies, Al Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq.
History
  • Received: October 7, 2024
  • Accepted: October 30, 2024
  • Available Online: December 8, 2024
DOI

https://doi.org/10.28969/IJEIR.v14.i2.r5.24

Abstract

Human chorionic gonadotropin is a glycoprotein hormone produced by the placenta. It exists in several isoforms with long half-lives (hours) and angiogenic potential; it maintains the corpus luteum to produce progesterone. This study aimed to evaluate Human chorionic gonadotropin concentration in follicular fluid and its effect on oocyte maturity and pregnancy rate, and whether it can be used as a noninvasive biomarker for predicting oocyte competence and pregnancy rate during intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles. Infertile women undergoing ICSI treatment were included in the study. An antagonist protocol was used for ovulation induction. Patients were divided into two groups: pregnant women (n=18) and non-pregnant women (n=22). Samples of follicular fluid were collected on the day of oocyte pick-up. Chemiluminescent Immunoassay (CLIA) equipment was used for the quantitative determination of total β-human chorionic gonadotropin in follicular fluid. The mean beta-human chorionic gonadotropin level showed a highly significant increase relative to the mean level of non-pregnant women (110.24 ±20.50) versus (56.195 ±29.45). Moreover, there was no significant relationship between the levels of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin follicular fluid and the total number of oocytes and oocyte quality in the two groups. The Beta Human chorionic gonadotropin concentration in the follicular fluid plays an important and influential role in the prediction of pregnancy rates. Despite this, follicular fluid hCG level showed no relationship with the total number and quality of oocytes in the pregnant and non-pregnant groups.

Keywords

References

  1. Zegers-Hochschild F, Adamson GD, Dyer S, Racowsky C, de Mouzon J, Sokol R, Rienzi L, Sunde A, Schmidt L, Cooke ID, Simpson JL. The international glossary on infertility and fertility care, Human reproduction. 2017; 32(9):1786-1801.
  2. Feskov A, Feskova I, Zhylkova I, Zhilkov S, inventors; MEZADATA MEDICAL IP HOLDING LLC, assignee. Method of in vitro fertilization with delay of embryo transfer and use of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. United States patent US 10,271,876. 2019: 3.
  3. AlGhazali BS, Al-Jarrah DM. Factors Affecting Intra-Cytoplasm Sperm Injection (ICSI) and Pregnancy Outcome in the Fertility Center of AlNajaf City. Iraqi Academic Scientific Journal. 2013;12(supplement):706- 711.
  4. Palermo GD, Neri QV, Schlegel PN, Rosenwaks Z. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in extreme cases of male infertility. PLoS One. 2014 Dec 1;9(12): e113671.
  5. Hoshino Y. Updating the markers for oocyte quality evaluation: intracellular temperature as a new index. Reproductive medicine and biology. 2018 Oct;17(4):434- 441.
  6. Casarini L, Santi D, Brigante G, Simoni M. Two hormones for one receptor: evolution, biochemistry, actions, and pathophysiology of LH and hCG. Endocrine reviews. 2018 Oct;39(5):549-592.
  7. Santos GO, Bastos HB, Sá MA, Jacob JC, Wolf CA, Mattos RC, Neves AP. Combination of hCG and deslorelin acetate on the induction of ovulation in mares: changes in follicular fluid protein profile. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2018 Jul 1; 66:124-125.
  8. Larson SB, McPherson A. The crystal structure of the β subunit of luteinizing hormone and a model for the intact hormone. Current Research in Structural Biology. 2019 Nov 1; 1:1-5.
  9. Schumacher A, Zenclussen AC. Human chorionic gonadotropin-mediated immune responses that facilitate embryo implantation and placentation. Frontiers in immunology. 2019; 10:2896.
  10. Fournier T. Human chorionic gonadotropin: Different origins, glycoforms, and functions during pregnancy. In100 Years of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin 2020 Jan 1 (pp. 31-43). Elsevier.
  11. Cole LA. hCG, five independent molecules. Clinica chimica acta. 2012 Jan 18;413(1-2):48-65.
  12. Esteves SC, Alviggi C. The role of LH in controlled ovarian stimulation. InPrinciples and Practice of Controlled Ovarian Stimulation in ART 2015 (pp. 171-196). Springer, New Delhi.
  13. Ghasemi A, Doroudian Z, Barekat M, Amjadi FS, Tabatabaee M. The Correlation of the Follicular Fluid Levels of Anti-Mullerian Hormone and Beta Human Chorionic Gonadotropin with Oocyte Matura-tion. ISMJ. 2019 Dec 10;22(5):296-306.
  14. Nagata Y, Honjou K, Sonoda M, Sumii Y, Inoue Y, Kawarabayashi T. Pharmacokinetics of exogenous gonadotropin and ovarian response in in vitro fertilization. Fertility and sterility. 1999 Aug 1;72(2):235- 239.
  15. Chen CY, Hwu YM, Weng YW, Lu CH, Chen YJ, Sun FJ. Clinical application of immunomagnetic reduction for quantitative analysis of beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin in blastocyst culture media to differentiate embryo quality. Clinica Chimica Acta. 2019 Apr 1; 491:46-51.
  16. Balakier H, Kuznyetsova I, Librach CL. The impact of hyaluronan-enriched culture medium and intrauterine infusion of human chorionic gonadotropin on clinical outcomes in blastocyst transfer cycles. Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine. 2020 Mar 3;66(2):79-88.
  17. Sarhan D, El Mazny A, Taha T, Aziz A, Azmy O, Fakhry D, Torky H. Estradiol and luteinizing hormone concentrations in the follicular aspirate during ovum pickup as predictors of in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome. Middle East Fertility Society Journal. 2017 Mar 1;22(1):27-32.
  18. Ilhan GA, Senturk GE, Oktem O, Durmusoglu F. The impact of HMG on follicular fluid hormone levels, embryo quality and IVF outcome. Eastern Journal of Medicine. 2014;19(1):22.